![]() ![]() In patients with even mild coronary disease, these hemodynamic changes, plus its vasoconstriction ability, can trigger an acute coronary syndrome.Īsides from the myocardium, cocaine can also increase the risk of ischemic stroke. Cocaine significantly increases myocardial oxygen requirements, heart rate, and cardiac output. ![]() Long-term use of cocaine can also alter cardiac histology leading to fibrosis, myocarditis, and contraction band necrosis. The increased catecholamine levels can induce life-threatening arrhythmias, and at the same time, the local anesthetic properties of cocaine further impair impulse conduction, leading to re-entry ventricular arrhythmias. The adverse effects on the heart are due to the direct actions of cocaine by inhibiting the reuptake of catecholamines into the nerve endings. ![]() Patients who abuse cocaine risk life-threatening consequences, including tachydysrhythmia, severe hypertension, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute myocardial and renal failure, seizure, hyperthermia, cocaine-induced rhabdomyolysis, and fetal/maternal morbidity and mortality. ![]()
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